#7 It's written "Pålegg" with an Å/å instead of just an A/a. Å/å is pronounced like the "o" in "ordinary". The word means "to put on" from "legg" = put and "på" = on.

#4 Also exist in Scandinavian as "Skadefryd".

#1 comes from "back-schön".

#6
Gurfa means room.
the word you were looking for was Garfa.