Ceylon -> Sri Lanka
What we know today as “Sri Lanka” was once known as “Ceylon”. This was the name given to the country when it was discovered by the Portuguese in 1505. Ceylon gained independence from the British Empire in 1948 and eventually changed its name to “Sri Lanka” in 1972. In 2011, all references to the name Ceylon were removed from the country.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlands
#1 also in Germany we still call it "Holland", this name was never really taken away from them.
#4 well, the more important thing that happened was 1993 when Czechoslovakia separated into Czechia and Slovakia.
Too many times, incorrect names are applied to places for the sake of a foreigner's convenience. eg Munich and Cologne are not the names of the places.....