Alto Volta -> Burkina Faso
The Republic of Alto Volta celebrated 20 years of independence with a name change to “Burkina Faso” which means “land of whole men” in the local language. This name change was accompanied by a flag change and a rewrite of the national anthem.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlands
#1 also in Germany we still call it "Holland", this name was never really taken away from them.
#4 well, the more important thing that happened was 1993 when Czechoslovakia separated into Czechia and Slovakia.
Too many times, incorrect names are applied to places for the sake of a foreigner's convenience. eg Munich and Cologne are not the names of the places.....