"My Metals Professor in college does not know what this thing is. We dont either and he has multiple of different sizes. The box has no info besides what is shown in the photo. It is some kind of ceramic material with an inverted dome in the center. Any help?"
A: "It is a slate dish for grinding flux. Back in the day, you put a little water in it and rubbed a borax cone in it to make up the day’s flux."
For you younger guys. Dating was much more fun before pantyhose.
It is used to keep the pistons from the disk brake caliper separated when the wheel is removed in case the brake lever is pushed accidentally.
It's from Adafruit, the company famous for their DD8008S and attempted takeover of Apple... so everything else is obvious.