#16 is called a spall-burst. Comes from either most likely a bb or less likely a pellet gun. Since "glass" is incredibly dense yet brittle the energy from such a tiny object striking at high speed this is what glass does to dissipate and release the energy. And, yes I am a glass expert. thomastheglassexpert really.

#13 They're not that common...

#18 looks like a carbon copy book to me. I remember using them. The had black pages with alternating white pages in between. You would place a sheet on top of the black and one below it and you could write 2 copies at once. The alternating white sheet was a protector to not ruin the next black copy sheet.

#3 The circular slide rules are even better.

#54

came with firearm accesories... Probably a wick for old gun.
But the two things can look more or less identical.

#33 is most certainly a door for removing soot from the chimney. The chimney was installed after the house was built (you can see the roof is cut and that it is placed outside the wall), and there will most likely be a fireplace on the other side blocking access to any door on the inside.

#11 ceramics is right, but based on the picture... the residue is on the top of the mug, so it is probably condensed steam. If it was along the bottom where the fluid is, perhaps.

#22 Seriously? Not to wipe your @$$?