


Breath-Holding Pressure Test

The breath-holding pressure test was used in early 20th-century cardiac diagnostics to assess heart function and blood pressure regulation. For the test, patients were required to blow against a mercury column (essentially performing a Valsalva maneuver) to keep the manometer at a set level. This would raise a patient’s intrathoracic pressure while a doctor listened with a stethoscope to observe changes in their blood circulation.