"Surface tension": The intermolecular forces of water keep this safety pin afloat, and the water acts as a distorted mirror, in this featured image from the Royal Photographic Society's International Images for Science competition.

A juvenile bobtail squid on the bottom of the sea floor off the west coast of Scotland,1,400 metres below the surface. A review by British scientists this year revealed just how little we know about life in the deep ocean.

Two damselflies on a leaf in Zejiang province, China. One of the shortlisted images in the Royal Society of Biology's photo of the year competition.

Jupiter, photographed from below by the spaceship Juno, which arrived there this year after a five-year journey. To scientists' surprise, it was shown that the bands of cloud break up at the pole into swirls and chaos.

A grey whale approaches a tourist to be petted in Laguna San Ignacio, off Baja California, Mexico. The whales are a source of tourism for the area. One of National Geographic's photos of the year.

Enceladus, one of Saturn's moons, sets behind the planet. This is one of the last images taken by the Cassini spacecraft, which crashed into the gas giant to destroy itself in September after more than a decade of sending back wonderful images and surprising science.

The egg of a Bombay bush frog in Amboli Maharashtra State, India. The fully developed froglet is visible inside the egg, which is about 5 millimetres across.

"Lightning Eclipse from the Planet of the Goats" – clouds part during a thunderstorm to reveal a lunar eclipse on a Greek island, Ikaria, in an area known locally as the Planet of the Goats. This was one of NASA's Astronomy Pics of the Day from July.

A shortfin mako shark makes its presence known to the camera in waters off New Zealand. One of National Geographic's photos of the year.

A mountain gorilla cuddles her 3-month-old infant. One of National Geographic's photos of the year.

A flap-necked chameleon in Tanzania. This was the overall student winner in the British Ecological Society's 2017 photography competition.

A close-up of common frogspawn developing, taken in Cumbria, England. One of the shortlisted images for the Royal Society of Biology's images of the year.

A brown bear lunges at a salmon in Alaska. This was the winner of the "dynamic ecosystems" category of the the British Ecological Society's 2017 photography competition.

The northern lights over Jökulsárlón, a glacial lake on the edge of the Vatnajökull Glacier. One of the shortlisted images in the Royal Photographic Society's International Images for Science competition.

An emerald lake in a glacial valley in the Jammu and Kashmir region of India. One of the shortlisted images for the Royal Society of Biology's images of the year.

A single snowflake, captured before it melts. One of the featured images from the Royal Photographic Society's International Images for Science competition.

A bubble freezes, and gives the impression of its top half levitating. One of the featured images from the Royal Photographic Society's International Images for Science competition.

Supertyphoon Noru, seen from the International Space Station.

The jar effect: a butterfly in a plastic jar. This was the winner of the "art of ecology (students)" category of the British Ecological Society's 2017 photography competition.

Giant forest scorpions seen under an ultraviolet light. One of the featured images from the Royal Photographic Society's International Images for Science competition.

A lake of lava in Erta'ale volcano, Ethiopia. One of the featured images from the Royal Photographic Society's International Images for Science competition.

White silk: an Anolis lizard changing its skin. This was the winner of the "up close and personal" category of the the British Ecological Society's 2017 photography competition.